In general, ionization energy increases across a period and decreases down a group. Across a period, effective nuclear charge increases as electron shielding remains constant.
Define ionization energies?The ionization energy is a metric indicating an element's capacity to engage in chemical processes that call for the donation of electrons or the production of ions. It is also often correlated with the type of chemical bonding that occurs when elements combine to form compounds. Additionally see electron affinity and binding energy.The least amount of energy needed to free the most loosely bound electron from an isolated gaseous atom, positive ion, or molecule is known as the ionization energy in physics and chemistry.The amount of energy required for an isolated, gaseous atom to discharge an electron, creating a cation, is known as the ionization energy.To learn more about ionization energies refer to:
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All of the following statements about lighteners are true EXCEPT:
a) they are used at relatively high levels
b) they slowly block the production of melanin in the skin
c) they are used to bleach or lighten areas of hyperpigmentation
d) they usually take months of continued use to deliver a noticeable effect
The following statement is not true about lighteners- " They are used at relatively high levels'.
Skin lighteners are products that are designed and used to bleach the skin from dark spots and pigments. They are usually used to improve one's physical appearance such as blemishes, dark patches and birthmarks.
They work on the skin by reducing or slowly blocking the production of melanin in the skin. The pigment melanin is responsible for the colour it gives to our skin. It also protects our skin from the harmful effects of the sun.
It usually takes few weeks or even three to four months for lighteners to show effective results on continued usage.
Thus, option (a) is correct.
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Copper has two naturally occurring isotopes.69.15 % of copper atoms are Cu-63 and have a mass of 62.93 AMU. The other 30.85 % of copper atoms are Cu-65 and have a mass of 64.93 AMU What is the atomic mass of copper?
The average atomic mass of copper can be calculated from the mass and percentage abundance of its isotopes. The average atomic mass of copper is 36.54 amu.
What are isotopes?Isotopes are atoms of same element with different mass number. Isotopes slightly differ in physical and chemical properties from each other.
The average atomic mass of an element is calculated with the formula given below:
average atomic mass = ∑ (% abundance /100) × isotopic mass.
mass of Cu-63 = 62.93 amu
% abundance = 69.15 %
mass of Cu-65 = 64.93 amu
% abundance = 30.85 %
Average atomic mass = (69.15 % /100 × 62.93 ) + (30.85 % /100 × 64.93)
= 63.54 amu.
Therefore, the average atomic mass of copper is 63.54 amu.
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In How penicillin was discovered
. Write a statement that summarizes the results of the experiment bacteria
. This experiment lead to the development of what major medical advancement?
In 1928, Sir Alexander Fleming was studying Staphylococcus bacteria growing in culture dishes. Bacterial infections are treated with penicillins
What is penicillin used for?Bacterial infections are treated with penicillins. The germs are either eliminated or their growth is stopped. Penicillins come in a variety of varieties. Every one of them is employed to cure various infections. Penicillin-class medications include amoxicillin and penicillin. Penicillin's naturally occur in nature and are the basis for the drugs penicillin V and penicillin G; nevertheless, amoxicillin was created by chemically enhancing penicillin's to increase their potency. Amoxicillin hence has a tendency to treat more bacterial illnesses.Staphylococcus bacteria were being studied in culture dishes in 1928 by Sir Alexander Fleming. In several of the dishes, he also saw the growth of a mold called Penicillium. The mold was surrounded by a clear space since all the microorganisms that had colonized it had perished. No clear areas could be seen in the culture dishes that were mold-free.According to Fleming's theory, the mold must be releasing a chemical that kills the bacteria. To find out if this compound might kill bacteria, he made the decision to isolate it. The mold was transferred by Fleming to a broth solution containing nutrients. Each element the mold need to grow was present in this solution.
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What is the total pressure that is exerted by the gases?
The total pressure exerted by gases is known as the total gas pressure or simply the pressure of the gas. It is the sum of the pressures exerted by each individual gas present in a mixture of gases.
The Total Pressure Exerted by The GasesThe total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is the sum of the pressures exerted by each individual gas present in the mixture. This is due to the fact that each gas in a mixture will exert its own pressure independently of the other gases present.
The pressure exerted by a gas is directly proportional to the number of gas molecules present and the temperature of the gas. According to the kinetic theory of gases, the pressure of a gas is due to the constant random motion of its molecules, which collide with the walls of their container, exerting force on it.
The Ideal gas law which is PV = nRT relates the pressure of a gas to its volume, number of moles of gas present and the temperature of the gas. where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles of gas present, R is the gas constant and T is the temperature of the gas.
When we have a mixture of gases, the total pressure exerted by the gases is the sum of the pressures of each individual gas in the mixture. The total pressure of a gas mixture is often measured in units of atmospheres (atm) or pascals (Pa). This is known as the Dalton's Law of partial pressure.
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A person with a history of chemical dependency on controlled substances who desires to obtain.
A person with a history of chemical dependency on controlled substances who desires to obtain A License. A license to practice Nursing students may be required to show proof of current sobriety and fitness to practice.
This rule is from the Texas Board of Nursing’s (BON) Administrative Rules. It is stated that any nurse who has a chemical dependency diagnosis or a history of controlled substance abuse must demonstrate the following through "objective, verifiable evidence" of current sobriety and fitness to practice to get a license.
This objective, verifiable evidence could be obtained through AA records, negative drug tests, an assessment by a specialist in addiction, and testimonies from group members, colleagues, and other close friends.
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Cellular isozymes of pyruvate kinase are allosterically inhibited by:
A) high concentrations of AMP.
B) high concentrations of ATP.
C) high concentrations of citrate.
D) low concentrations of acetyl-CoA.
E) low concentrations of ATP.
Cellular isozymes of pyruvate kinase are allosterically inhibited by:
B) high concentrations of ATP.
The cellular isoenzymes kinase are allosterically inhibited by the high concentration of the ATP. The pyruvate kinase, an enzyme that will catalyzes the conversion of the pyruvate and ATP from the phosphoenolpyruvate and the ADP. The cellular isoenzymes is also called as the isozymes.
The pyruvate kinase will catalyzes the last step of the glycolysis. This is important for the generation of the adenosine triphosphate , that is ATP. The four major pyruvate kinase are : muscle M1 , erythrocyte R, the liver L, the ubiquitous M2.
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At a certain temperature, this reaction establishes an equilibrium with the given equilibrium constant, Kc. 3A(g)+2B(g)↽−−⇀4C(g)c=2.93×1021 If, at this temperature, 1.00 mol of A and 3.50 mol of B are placed in a 1.00 L container, what are the concentrations of A, B, and C at equilibrium?
The equilibrium concentration of A, B and C are 0.02 M, 2.38 M and 3.04 M respectively.
What is Equilibrium Concentration?When the products and reactants do not alter over time, we say that a chemical is in equilibrium concentration.
In other words, a chemical reaction enters a state of equilibrium or equilibrium concentration when the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of backward reaction.
We are given:
Initial moles of A = 2.30 molesInitial moles of B = 3.90 molesThe volume of the container = 1.00 LConcentration = Number of moles/ Volume
So, the concentration of A is 2.30M
The concentration of B is 3.90M
If we factor in the chemical equation given: 3A(g) + 2B(g) ---> 4C(g)
Initial: 2.30 3.90
At eqllm: 2.30-3x 3.90-2x 4x
After solving, we would get that the equilibrium concentration of A, B and C are 0.02 M, 2.38 M and 3.04 M respectively.
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Which type of concentration is calculated when the grams of solute is divided by the grams of the solution, and the result is multiplied by 1,000,000?.
Parts per million is the type of concentration calculated when the grams of solute is divided by the grams of solution, and the result is multiplied by 1,000,000 (option 2)
Parts per million, or ppm, is one method of expressing concentration. The formula involves dividing the grams of solute and the grams of solution, then multiplying the result by 1,000,000 (one million). One milligram of solute per kilogram of solution is equal to parts per million.
This stands for "parts per million" and can also be written as mg/L (milligrams per liter). The mass of a chemical or contamination per volume of water is the unit of measurement here. On a lab report, ppm or mg/L both mean the same thing.
The absolute fractional amount multiplied by one million equals one ppm. To better understand ppm, imagine placing four droplets on a table.
The question is incomplete, it should be:
Which type of concentration is calculated when the grams of solute is divided by the grams of the solution, and the result is multiplied by 1 000 000?
(1) molarity
(2) parts per million
(3) percent by mass
(4) percent by volume
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the specific heat capacity of glass is 0.20 cal/(g°C). If 30 cal of heat is added to an unknown mass of glass, the temperature rises by 150°C. what is the mass of the glass?
The mass of the glass is 1 gram.
What is specific heat capacity?
This refers to the amount of heat in joules (J) absorbed per unit mass (kg) of the material when its temperature rises 1 K (or 1 °C), and its units are J/(kg K) or J/(kg °C).
From the question:
cp= 0.20 cal/(g°C)
T = 150°C
heat added = 30 cal
Solution:To find the mass of the glass, you can use the formula:
mass = heat added / (specific heat capacity x temperature change)
Substituting the given values:
mass = 30 cal
(0.20 cal/(g°C) x 150°C)
mass = 30
(0.20 x 150)
mass = 30
30
mass = 1 g
Hence, the mass of the glass is 1 gram.
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Which of these things you will not find in the periodic table?AElement Name and SymbolBAtomic WeightCNumber of neutronsDAtomic Number
Option (c) is correct. The number of neutrons will not be find in the periodic table.
Periodic table is the arrangement of chemical elements. Chemical elements are arranged in rows that is called periods and columns that is called groups according to increasing atomic number. Scientists use the periodic table to refer to information about an element like atomic mass and chemical symbol. The periodic table’s arrangement also allows to discern trends in element properties including electronegativity, ionization energy, and atomic radius. We can find the name of the element, symbol, atomic weight of the element, atomic number. We can not find the number of neutrons in the periodic table. the properties of the chemical elements exhibit an approximate periodic dependence on their atomic numbers.
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Describe the three main industries in which most batteries are used. What is the overall reason that these industries use more batteries than any other?
The three industries that require batteries are the;
Medical industryAutomotive industry Electronic IndustryWhat are batteries?We know that batteries are pieces of hardware that are used to convert chemical energy into electrical energy. The chemical energy is stored in the battery. This energy can now be released by the use of some kind of electro chemical reactions.
Now, we should know that some industries tend to be more reliant on the use of battery technology than the other industries and there could be a lot of reasons for this.
For instance, in the medical sector, batteries are used to power a ,lot of gadgets that are used in medicine such as the pacemakers that can be able to serve as artificial hearts. In the electronic industries, the use of lithium ion batteries have become very common and they help in the production of gadgets. In the automotive sector, the batteries play a key role in the functioning of automobiles.
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if you have a 97.4 gram sample of magnesium hydroxide how many grams of metal do you have?
The grams of the magnesium metal present is 40.56 g.
What is the mass of the metal?Let us recall that the magnesium hydroxide is composed of two ions and these are the magnesium ions and the hydroxide ions.
Looking at the ions that we have we now would be able to find the number of moles of the compound that we have from the formula;
Number of moles = mass/molar mass
Number of moles = 97.8 g/58 g/mol
= 1.69 moles
The amount of the magnesium ions here is 1.69 moles
Mass of the metal = 1.69 moles * 24 g/mol
= 40.56 g
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6) Volcanoes can form over a plume, or rising current of hot mantle. As a tectonic plate slowly
moves over a plume, a volcano will form and then become extinct as it moves away from the
figure, is the plate pictured below moving toward you or away from you?
hot spot. Then the next volcano will form. If the hot spot shown made all the islands in the
Jahau
Kauai
Letai
Kitob
Batu
OA) The plate is moving toward me.
O B) The plate is moving away from me.
OC) There is no way to tell.
OD) It is stationary.
You'll have to give us a picture for it to be answered, sorry.
The plate is moving away from me in the figure of volcanoes. Therefore, the correct option is B.
What are volcanoes?Volcanoes are geological formations that form when magma, ash, and other elements erupt from beneath the Earth's surface. Both on land and in water, they come in a wide variety of shapes and sizes. Volcanoes often develop along the boundaries of tectonic plates or at "hot spots" where plumes of hot mantle flow upward from the Earth's core and are associated with tectonic activity.
Volcanic eruptions can cause a variety of hazards, such as waves, pyroclastic flows, ash clouds, and lava flows. Volcanoes can be devastating, but they can also create new areas and provide healthy soil, which benefits the ecology.
Therefore, the correct option is B.
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Which one of the following is correct?
a. ν = cλ
b. νλ = c
c. ν ÷ λ = c
d. ν + λ = c
e. λ = c ν
Answer:
A Is the correct answer..
Is all of this correct ? Experts in chemistry please answer ! I need help
Organofluorines are organic molecules that include the greenhouse gas link. Foxine behavior discusses the composition of these chemicals.
What does "foxine" on a stamp mean?Old paper documents like books, postage stamps, and awards can develop spots and discoloration due to foxing, a time of life process of degeneration. The stains' fox - like reddish-brown hue or the potential participation of the rusting chemical ferric oxide may be the sources of the term.
What does board foxine mean?On old paper documents like books, postage stamps, old banknotes, and certificates, circa survive age-related process of weakening spots and browning. The stains' fox - like reddish-brown hue or the suspected participation of the rust ingredient ferric oxide may be the origin of the term.
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how is molecular formula related to empirical formula?
The molecular formula gives the actual number of atoms of each element present in a molecule, while the empirical formula gives the simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element present in a molecule.
The molecular formula and the empirical formula of a compound are related but they are not the same. The molecular formula is the actual number of atoms of each element present in a molecule of the compound, while the empirical formula gives the simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element present in a molecule of the compound.
In other words, the molecular formula expresses the exact number of atoms of each element present in a molecule and the empirical formula expresses the relative number of atoms of each element. For example, glucose has a molecular formula of C6H12O6, but its empirical formula is CH2O, which gives the simplest ratio of atoms in the molecule. In general, the molecular formula can be a multiple of the empirical formula.
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A violet light has a wavelength of 413 nm. What is the energy of a photon of light with this wavelength?
Answer:
1.0 joules
Explanation:
Violet light has a frequency of 410,000 hertz and an energy of 1.0 joules. Now we can compare the energy of photons of violet light with those of red light. Photons of violet light have more energy than photons of red light.
Calculate the ratio of H* ions to OH-ions at a pH = 7.
Find the concentration of H* ions to OH ions listed in
Table B of your Student Guide. Then divide the H*
concentration by the OH concentration. Record this
calculated ratio in Table A of your Student Guide.
Compare your approximated and calculated ratios of H+
ons to OH-ions at a pH = 7. Are they the same? Why or
why not? Record your comparison in Table A.
What is the concentration of H+ ions at a pH = 7?
mol/L
What is the concentration of OH-ions at a pH = 7?
mol/L
What is the ratio of H+ ions to OH-ions at a pH = 7?
:
Please help!! Worth 100 points!!
Neutral pH is 7, thus The H+ and OH- concentrations are therefore equivalent for a pH of 7. Given that the concentrations are equivalent, the ratio is 1.
What is the ratio of H+ ions at a pH 7?The same is true for solutions with pH values of 5, 6, and 7, which each contain 10-5mol/l of hydrogen ions, 10-6mol/l of hydrogen ions, and 10-7mol/l of hydrogen ions, respectively. A pH of 7 is defined as [H+]=10-7.Looking at how many of these ions are present in solutions allows one to calculate the pH or pOH. The solution becomes more acidic as there are more [H+] ions present. The more [OH-] ions there are in a solution, the more basic it becomes.Hydroxide ion molarities more than 1.0107M and hydronium ion molarities less than 1.0107M are considered basic solutions (corresponding to pH values greater than 7.00 and pOH values less than 7.00).To learn more about ratio refer to:
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Why do the gases easily diffuse in one another explain on the basis of the kinetic model?
On the basis of the model of kinetic energy, gases easily diffuse in one another because particles in gases move in random motion.
Gases involve a very fast diffusion rate. Because between the particles of gases, there exists a negligible force of attraction that make particles in gases move very swiftly throughout all directions.
Since gases easily diffuse because their particles move in random motion in all directions. Then these particles collide. This diffusion occurs from a high concentration region to a low concentration region.
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Game 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Jets 10 10 13 21 10 14 10 42 28 12
Opponent 7 3 17 24 14 0 3 21 27 28
The chart above shows the football scores for the Jets this season. Which of the following measures of central tendency would show the score that occurred most often?
A.
mean
B.
median
C.
range
D.
mode
The given chart shows the football scores for the Jets this season. The mode measures of central tendency would show the score that occurred most often. Hence option (D) is the answer.
What is a mode?The most frequent value in a collection of values is referred to as the mode. The value that comes up the most often is this one. The value that pops up most frequently among a group of data values is the mode. The largest value of the probability mass function for X, if it is a discrete random variable, is the mode. To put it another way, it is the value that will likely be sampled.
A normal mode is a chemical term to denote an autonomous motion of atoms within a molecule that takes place without affecting movement to any other modes. Asymmetric, symmetric, wagging, twisting, scissoring, and rocking are the typical vibrational modes for polyatomic molecules.
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Reasoning: (Explain why your evidence supports you daim using paragraph format, include
relevant scientific principles.)
The main idea of Amy Tan's text is the importance of communication through language.
What is the central idea?It is the subject that the text wants to present.It is the subject that will guide all the information in the text.
In "Mother Tongue," Amy Tan uses her mother as an example to show the importance of communication. That's because it shows that her mother is a Chinese immigrant, who speaks "broken English."
Therefore, The main idea of Amy Tan's text is the importance of communication through language.
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A student uses 0.0850 mol copper sulfate to carry out a reaction. If the reaction uses up 0.0832 mol copper sulfate, how many formula units are left un-reacted?
There will be 1.084×10²¹ formula units are left un-reacted.
A formula unit is what?A formula unit is the part of an ionic compound's chemical formula that lists the ions in the smallest ratio necessary to produce a neutral electrical charge. In chemistry, we utilize chemical formulae to explain the constituent parts or molecules of a substance.
Given, initial amount of CuSO4 = 0.0850 mole
amount of CuSO4 consumed in reaction = 0.0832 mole
remaining amount of CuSO4 = 0.0850 - 0.0832 = 0.0018 mole
now, 0.0018 mole CuSO4 × (6.02×10²³ f. u./1 mole) = 1.084×10²¹ f. u.
There will be 1.084×10²¹ formula units are left un-reacted.
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If the reaction uses up 0.0832 mol copper sulfate there will be 1.084×10²¹ formula units are left un-reacted.
A formula unit is what?A formula unit is the part of an ionic compound's chemical formula that lists the ions in the smallest ratio necessary to produce a neutral electrical charge. In chemistry, we utilize chemical formulae to explain the constituent parts or molecules of a substance.
Given, initial amount of CuSO4 = 0.0850 mole
amount of CuSO4 consumed in reaction = 0.0832 mole
remaining amount of CuSO4 = 0.0850 - 0.0832 = 0.0018 mole
now, 0.0018 mole CuSO4 × (6.02×10²³ f. u./1 mole) = 1.084×10²¹ f. u.
There will be 1.084×10²¹ formula units are left un-reacted.
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A stopped car begins to accelerate at 2 m/s2, and continues this acceleration for 7 seconds. What will its speed be when it finishes accelerating?
please show work if u answer
A stopped car begins to accelerate at 2 m/s2 and continues this acceleration for 7 seconds, so its speed will be 14 m/s when it finishes accelerating, so the car's final speed is 14 m/s.
What is the significance of the speed?The speed of an object, such as a car, determines its velocity, and more importantly, the faster the speed, the faster the car arrives at its destination point, the calculation is shown below.
v = at + v₀, (a= acceleration, v₀= initial velocity, t= time)
v= 2m/[tex]{s}^2[/tex] × 7 sec + 0 m/s
v= 14 m/s
Hence, a stopped car begins to accelerate at 2 m/s2 and continues this acceleration for 7 seconds, so its speed will be 14 m/s when it finishes accelerating, so the car's final speed is 14 m/s.
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a substance that donates one proton when dissolved in water
A. analyte
B. diprotic acid
C. salt
D. triprotic acid
E. monoprotic acid
F. titrant
A monoprotic acid is an acid that donates one proton (H+) when dissolved in water. Thus option E is the correct answer.
A monoprotic acid is an acid that donates one proton (H+) when dissolved in water, thus forming the corresponding conjugate base and hydronium ions (H3O+). Examples of monoprotic acids include hydrochloric acid (HCl), sulfuric acid (H2SO4), and acetic acid (CH3COOH).
A diprotic acid is an acid that donates two protons when dissolved in water. An example of diprotic acid is sulfuric acid (H2SO4). A tricrotic acid is an acid that donates three protons when dissolved in water. An example of tricrotic acid is phosphoric acid (H3PO4). An analyte is a substance or ion that is being analyzed in a chemical or biological sample.
Salt is a neutral compound formed from the reaction of an acid and a base, which typically contains positively and negatively charged ions. A titrant is a solution of known concentration, used to determine the concentration of an unknown solution through a titration process.
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What amino acid sequence will be created during translation?
The amino acid sequence will be determined by the codons in the mRNA sequence that is being translated.
During translation, the mRNA sequence is read three nucleotides at a time, and each codon is translated into an amino acid based on the genetic code. This process is known as the "triplet code" because codons are made of three nucleotides.
The ribosome reads the mRNA sequence and translates it into a protein by recruiting amino acids in the correct order. The tRNA molecules carry the correct amino acids to the ribosome, where they are added to the growing polypeptide chain.
The ribosome continues to read the mRNA sequence until it reaches a stop codon, which signals the end of the translation and the completion of the amino acid sequence.
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LET'S THINK Phenobarbital (C12 H12 N2Os; M = 232.2g/mol) is a weak acid (pKg = 7.4) used as a sedative and anticonvulsant. This drug is insoluble in water; the concentration of saturated aqueous solutions of this compound is close to 1 g/L pH Homework Unanswered Estimate the pH of a saturated solution of phenobarbital.
The PH value of a saturated solution of phenobarbital is,[tex]p^H=4.88 \approx P^H \times 4.9$[/tex]
A saturated solution is a chemical solution containing the maximum concentration of a solute dissolved in the solvent. The additional solute will not dissolve in a saturated solution.
The amount of solute that can be dissolved in a solvent to form a saturated solution depends on a variety of factors. The most important factors are:
Temperature: Solubility increases with temperature. For example, you can dissolve much more salt in hot water than in cold water.Pressure: Increasing pressure can force more solute into solution. This is commonly used to dissolve gases into liquids.Chemical Composition: The nature of the solute and solvent and the presence of other chemicals in a solution affects solubility. For example, you can dissolve much more sugar in water than salt in water. Ethanol and water are completely soluble in each other.For saturated solution
W= [tex]1g[/tex], V=[tex]1000ml[/tex], [tex]m_{w}[/tex] = [tex]232.2g[/tex]
Now Molarity = [tex]\frac{WX1000}{m_{w} V}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{1X1000}{(23.2)(1000)}[/tex]
Molarity = [tex]0.0043m[/tex]
Given [tex]P^{ka}[/tex]=[tex]7.4[/tex]
Therefore, [tex]ka =[/tex] antilog [tex](-7.4)=3.98X10^{-8}[/tex]
[tex]$\left[\mathrm{H}_3 \mathrm{O}^{+}\right]=\sqrt{\mathrm{KaXc}} =\sqrt{3.98 \times 10^{-8} \times 0.0043}=1.30 \times 10^{-5}$ \\Now, $\mathrm{pH}^H=-\log \left(\mathrm{H}_3 \mathrm{O}^{+}\right]=-\log \left(1.30 \times 10^{-\mathrm{E}}\right)=4.88$.\\$\therefore p^H=4.88 \approx P^H \times 4.9$[/tex]
Therefore, the PH value of a saturated solution of phenobarbital is,[tex]p^H=4.88 \approx P^H \times 4.9$[/tex]
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4. [1 mark]
0.10 mol of hydrochloric acid is mixed with 0.10 mol of calcium carbonate.
2HCl (aq) + CaCO3 (s) → CaCl2 (aq) + H₂O (1) + CO2 (g)
Which is correct?
The limiting reagent in a chemical reaction is HCl (aq); the maximum output of CO2/mol is 0.05; and the reactant that is consumed first is CO2.
What does a limiting reagent perform and why is it required?The limiting reactant, sometimes referred to as the limiting reagent, regulates how much product is produced in a chemical process. If the limiting reactant has been found, the theoretical yield of the reaction may be calculated.
What substance is the reaction's limiting agent?The limiting reagent is the one that will completely consume itself in a chemical process. Once that reactant has been used up, the reaction cannot go on. As a result, it stops the reaction from getting stronger. The excess reagent would have continued to react if the other reactant hadn't been consumed.
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Based on its chemical formula, the percent composition of sodium chloride, NaCl, (to four significant figures) is
So, sodium and chloride make up 39.3% and 60.7%, respectively, of NaCl.
What is sodium and chloride?A compound's constituent elements are always present in the same proportions by mass, according to the Law of Definite Proportions. The relative mass of each element in a compound is indicated by the complex's percent composition. A compound's elemental mass represented as a portion of the compound's overall mass is called the mass percent. One oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms, for instance, make up the structure of the water molecule. Both hydrogen and oxygen make up 88.8% and 11.2% of the total mass, respectively. The whole composition of a water molecule is shown by these figures. In light of this, the % composition of every pure water sample will always be the same. Meaning that water will contain 88.8% oxygen and 11.2% hydrogen.Example:
What is the % composition of a compound with a total mass of 34.37 g, of which 21.43 g is phosphorous and 12.94 g is magnesium?
Mass percent of magnesium equals 12.94g/34.37g, or 37.6%
21.43g/34.37g or 62.4% of the mass is made up of P.
Magnesium and phosphorous make up 37.6% and 62.4%, respectively, of this compound's percent composition.
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How did the philosopher's stone affect alchemy?
Alchemists thought the philosopher's stone had the power to change base metals like lead into precious metals like gold or silver and could be utilized as an elixir of life to extend life.
What is a metal?Any of a wide range of opaque, fusible, ductile, & usually glossy substances, especially, one that is a chemical substance as opposed to an alloy. These substances are good conductors of heat and electricity create cations by the losses of electrons, or produce basic oxides and hydroxides.
How is metal made?Mass metal making, sheet metal formation, & sheet-bulk metal forming are the three different types of metal forming techniques. Forging, rolling, deep drawing, extrusion, wire drawing, & bending are just few common methods of metal formation.
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A cylinder containing carbon dioxide of volume 20L at 2.0 atm was connected to another cylinder of certain volume at constant temperature. The final pressure of the gas in the cylinders was found to be 380 mm Hg. Calculate the volume of the second cylinder.
Answer:
Vfinal = 22.7 L
Explanation:
PV = nRT
(2.0 atm)(20 L) = n(0.0821 L-atm/K-mol)(273 K)
n = 0.195 moles of CO2
P (final)V (final) = nRT
(380 mmHg)(Vfinal) = (0.195 moles)(0.0821 L-atm/K-mol)(273 K)
Vfinal = 22.7 L